Garbage and refuse incinerator



Nov. 8, 193 M. J. TIERNEY GARBAGE AND REFU/SEINCINERATOR Filed April 4- 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J i z a llllll J HI PH.

INVENTOR M ATTORNEY Nov. 8, 1932. I M. J. TIERNEY GARBAGE AND REFUSE INCINERATOR Filed April 4. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 u wllll m 4 3 m M a 2m 9 02 7 5 BY 1 y M w ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 8, 1932 MICHAEL J. TIEBZNEY, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK GARBAGE AND,REFUSE vZEN'C INEBA5110It Application filed .April .4, 1927. Serial No. l80,665.-

The present invention relates to garbage and refuse incinerators and an obg ect thereof is toprovide a novel construction through which an upward. current of air may be passed about the lire pot for the purpose of mixing with the unconsumed gases produced in the fire pot, in order to effectively consume such gases. Another object of the invention is to provide in an incinerator, a liner for the fire pot and air passageways on the inner and the outer face of said liner leading upwardly from the ash pit. Still another object of the invention is to provide a liner which has vertical corrugations providing air assages on the inner and the outer vface o the liner. Still another object of the invention is to provide an incinerator in which the fine pot has two upward streams of air surrounding it and separated by a liner, both streams leading from the ash pit, and the outermost stream being mixed with the unconsumed gases from the fire pot above the fire. Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive construction which is not subject to fracture under temperature changes.

To these and other ends, the invention consists of certain parts and combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter .de-

scribed; the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. '1 is a fragmentary perspective View of a refuse incinerator constructed in accordance with this invention r V Fig. '2 is a Vertical section through the upper portion of .the incinerator;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3., Fig. 2; I

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line igr Fig. '5 is a vertical section through another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sect; onthrough the same embodiment, the sect-"ion lacing in rigl'it angles to that shown in Fig. '5", V

Fig. 7 is a View of the underside of the top of the incinerator; and

fig. "8 is a detail View of the draft "door control.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 the main or outside casing comprising tour uprights 1 is formed, in this instance, of angle iron strips. These strips are connected at the rear of the casing andat the sides bythree side plates 2 all of said plates extending to a bottom 3 which has an upwardly turned surrounding flange 4 halt-ed at the three side plates 2. A shorter side plate 6 connects the two front uprights, but does extend to the bottom 3, and, below this shorter side plate is a frame 6 "provided with anopening which serves as a. draft open ing and also as a clean-out opening for the ash pit, the bottom of which "is formed by the bottom plate 3. A door 7 hingedat 8 acts as a closure for the opening in frame 6.

Ahove ash pit is arranged the grate 9 formed with .a forwardly extending pin-tie it) and a rearWa-rdly extending pintle 11 journaiied respectively in the front wall =6 and the rear wall 2. The forward pintle 10 pro ject-s from the front ofgrate 9 and'has a non cincular portion 12 by which the grate may he turned to dump the con-tents into the ash pit. i

The fire pot has a Wall or linerof novel construction formed, in this instance, of ver' tically corrugated plates 13 vertically arranged entirely .ahou-t the fire box and coni t'acting, in this instance, with sheets of ashes tos' 214i which also lieaga'ins-t the upper portion or" the Walls 2 and against the'wallfifl These corrugated plates depend belowthe' upper surface of the grate 9 so that passageways 1-5 are provided from the ash pit upwardly between the liner plates 13 and the asbestos lining 14, While passageways 16 are provided on the inner faces of the liner plates to admit air from the ash pit upwardly around the materialsupportecl on the grate 9. It is apparent that with this construction the refuse cannot closely hug the face of the liner due to "which fact that air is permitted to pass in streams upwardly through the tire pot ahout the hody of. the refuse supported onthe grate.

The top or upper part of theincinerator comprises. in this instance, a dome formed "by rear plates 1'7, side plates 18 and atop plate 19 the latter having its forward portion projecting downwardly and provided with a filling opening 20 closed by a cover 21, hinged at 22 to the top plate 19. A flue 23 is extended horizontally from the space between the rear plates 17 of the top, the bottom of the flue being extended from the upper edge of, the rear wall 2 of thecasing and projecting over the upper end of the liner to close the air passages on the outer side of the liner at this point, and the top of the flue being substantially in a plane with the rearmost portion of the top wall 19 of the top. V

The purpose of providing the passageways 15 between the inner corrugated liner and the outer casing wall is to supply air to the products of combustion or unconsumed gases as the latter are about to pass from the incinerator. This result is accomplished, in this instance, by providing a chamber above the fire pot into which the passages 15 'discharge, and by discharging the air from said chamber into the fire pot in immediate proximity to the intake end of the discharge flue of the fire pot. The air is heatedby being passed about the fire pot and combines with. the unconsumed gases about to issue from the fire pot and causing the burning of such gases, thus, producing complete combustion.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 the chamber which receives the air from the outer faces of the corrugated liner is formed by aninner wall for the top member. In this instance, this inner wall embodies a rear plate 2 1 spaced from the rear plates 17, side plates 25 spaced from the side plates 18, a plate 27 in front ofthe filling opening spaced from the top plate 19 and a top plate 26 in the rear of the filling opening spaced from the top plate 19. Each of these plates except the top plate 26 has an outwardly turned flange 27 at its lower edge resting on J the top edge of the corrugated liner, this flange having openings 28 coincident with the passages 15 so that the air may pass from the passages 15into the chamber of the top member. The rear plates 24c project toward each other beyond the inner adjacent ends of the plates 17 and are flanged at 29 so that openings 30 are provided between the plates 24 and the plates 17 in immediate proximity to the flue 23.' The top. plate 26 is located below the upper wall of the flue 23 and pro vides an opening 31 into the flue 23 below the top wall 19'of the top member. It will thus be seen that the air which is taken into the top member is-discharged in streams at opposite sides of and atthe top of the flue so as to mix with the gases or products of combustion as they leave the fire box, these gases being consumed in the presence of the air and the heat from the fire pot.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 there is provided, as in the other embodiment, back and side walls 2 connected to corner post 1 and the corner posts also being connected by a front wall 6. The bottom wall 3 for the ash pit is of a construction from the first described embodiment and has a flange 3". on three sides to which the side walls 2* are bolted at 3, the bottom member also having a grooved rib 3 on three sides thereof projecting beyond the flange 3' receiving the lower edges of the side walls 2. The bottom member has also a shoulder 3 the upper'edge of which is coincident with the upper edge of theflange 3 andfrom the upper edge of this shoulder the bottom wall inclines downwardly at 3 to themain plane of the wall, thus providing an incline surface on the bottom wall adjacent the cleanout openingof the ash pit over which a shovel maybe moved to more readily remove the contents ofthe ash pit. The grate 9 is supported as in the other embodiment, but the corrugated liner walls are supported in a slightly different manner. Brackets 13* are bolted to the four corner posts and the four liner plates 18 rest at their lower corners on these brackets. Two of these plates on opposite walls are provided with lugs 13 projecting outwardly from the surface thereof to cooperate with the outer faces of the other two plates so that-the latter two plates hold the first two plates against falling inwardly while the lugs hold such latter plates against falling inwardly, The liner plates 13 have their outer faces abutting the asbestos lining 14 but these plates do not extend entirely to the upper edges of the side walls 2 and 6*, 1 r

The top member of the embodiment shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '2 comprises the top plate 19 having a downwardly turned flange 19 at its edge bolted at 19 to the outer faces of the side walls 2 and the front wall 6 This top wall has a filling opening 20* and also has a flue opening 28 A chamber is provided above the fire pot and under the top member by means of two plates 2 1 which extend across the rear end of the incinerator below the top 19 in spaced relation to the top, being provided with anopeni'ng 24 opposite the outlet flue or opening 23 so that the prod nets of combustion may pass from the fire pot through the openin'g'23. This chamber is also formed by'a transversely extending front plate 2 1 and two inner side plates 24.

The plates 2 1*, 24 and 2 1 each rest upon the upper end of the liner 13, and have their outer edges provided with openings 17*to form communication between the vertical passageways 15 and the chamber at the top of the combustion chamber. The top chamber connects by openings 3O adjacent the inner end of the flue so that as theproducts of combustion with unconsumed gases pass. to the outlet flue they mix with heatedv air lit which h'aspassed upwardly fromthe ash pit behind the corrugated liner and through the chamber at the dome of the fire pot; A novel means is provided for controlling the draft door 7 a of the embodiment shown in Figs. 5 to 7. Inzthis instance, the draft door hinged at 8 carries a latch member 42 pivoted at 4:3 and having a hook 44 adapted to engage with the eye 45 on the front wall of the incinerator. This member42 has on the opposite side of its. pivot two shoulders 46 and l? on at an angle to the other; As themember is arranged on theside of the door the shoulder dew-ill cooperate with the front face of the flange 48 surrounding the door opening while the shoulder-l9 will cooperate with the bottom of the flange to hold the door 7 a slightly open in order to feed air to the incinerator. The outer portion of the hook end of the member isheavi'er and tends to hold the latch in the position shown in Fig. 8 An upward kick on the outer end of the latch member permits the door Y to close by gravity.

'F or starting the incinerator a gas burner 40 of any suitable construction may be provided inboth embodiments. A stop 41 may beprovided on both incinerators to limit the swinging of the grate in one direction.

Itis apparent that in both embodiments of the invention there has been provided an incinerator of novel and inexpensive construction'. The fire pot has a liner and passages are provided on the inner and the outer side of this liner. leading upwardly from the ash pit, .the inner-passage providing air at the edges of the co'nte'nts of the fire pot and the outer providing air in a heated condition above the body of the fire in the fire pot. In this instance, this result is secured by corrugating the walls of the liner so that on the inner side, the high points of the corrugations hold the material away from the low points, permitting air to pass upwardly about the material, while, on the outside, the corrugations provide passages which lead upwardly above the fire level. Preferably the outside passagewa-ys connect with a chamber extending over the fire pot so that the air from the outside passages is again heated by the fire pot. The outlet from this top chamber is positioned adjacent the outlet flue for the products of combustion from the fire pot so that the unconsumed gases in passing to the outlet fiue in a heated condition will mix with heated air and thus cause a complete combustion of said gases. The passageways on the inner face of the corrugated liner also have the function of providing air passages whichwill have a drying action on the refuse when the refuse is not burning. The outside air passages tend also to reduce the radiation of the incinerator because fresh air is continually passing upwardly through these passageways so that the entire fire pot is surrounded by an upward current of air and this with the asbestos lining materially reduces the radiation of be readily assembled or taken apart although permitting expansion and contraction of the incinerator without any injury thereto.

What Iclaim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An incinerator comprising a casing, a single part movable grate in said casing di-' viding the latter into an ash pit and a fire pot, an asbestos lining on the inside of said casing about the fire pot, vertical liner walls entirely surrounding the fire pot and having their -upperends substantially in the same plane, and their lower ends below the grate but above the bottom of the ash pit, the vertical liner walls having corrugations, the high points of which abut the asbestos lining and. the spaces between the corrugations providing air passages leading upwardly from the ash pit on the inner and the outer faces of the liner walls, and a top having a .filling opening and a flue above the liner walls.

2. In an incinerator, the combination with a casing comprising four angle iron supports, four walls connecting said supports, a bot tom wall connecting said supports and a top having a flue, a filling opening, and a chamber communicating with the flue, of a single part movable grate spaced from the bottom wall to provide an ash pit below it and a fire pot above it, vertically arranged and vertically corrugated liner walls providing air passageways on the inner and outer faces thereof and lead upwardly from the ash pit to substantially a single plane, the air passages on the outer-side of the liner walls communicating with the chamber of the topi 3. An incinerator comprising an outside casing, a substantially fiat single part movable grate arranged in said casing, having its surrounding edges substantially in one horizontal plane and dividing the casing into a fire pot and an ash pit, vertical liner walls vertically corrugated to provide air channels between the casing and the liner walls and also on the inner face of the fire pot, said liner walls extending entirely about the grate to apoin-t below the entire upper surface of the latter, but above the bottom of the fire pot, and a top surmounting said casing above the corrugated liner walls and provided with a filling opening and with an outlet flue, andmeans providing a chamber on the under side of the top communicating with said outlet line and also with the vertical air passages formed between the liner walls and the casmg. a

4. An incinerator comprising an outside casing, -a single element grate pivoted at its middle portion in said casing and dividing the latter into a fire potand an ash pit, vertioally arranged and I vertically corrugated liners entirely surrounding said grate and having their lower edges spaced from the bottom of the fire pot and below the entire upper surface of the grate, a top surmounting said casing and provided with a filling opening and with an outlet flue, and means providing a chamber above the liner walls and below the top, said chamber having communication with the spaces between the liner walls and the outside casing and also with the outlet flue.

5. A refuse incinerator comprising a casing and fire pot therein having a substantiallyuniform cross sectional area throughout its height, a substantially fiat dumping grate journaled intermediate its ends in the casing and provided with openings through which a flame and air may pass, and having an area substantially equal to the cross sectional area of the fire pot, an ash pit beneath the grate, means supporting said grate so as to permit it to move to discharge the contents of the grate into the ash pit, the supporting means providing, when the grate is discharging, an unobstructed discharge space substantially equal to the cross sectional area of the fire pot so that the entire contents of the fire pot may be dumped, a relatively small burner, means for supporting said burner beneath the grate in such a position that it will not substantially interfere with the discharge of the fire pot contents into the ash pit but will supply a flame to the material on the grate through the openings of the latter, means providing for the passage of upwardly moving streams of air throughout the height of the fire pot from the ash pit entirely about the grate and in contact with all sides of the mass on the grate, and means for supplying air to the products of combustion above the fire pot before the latter are discharged from the incinerator to consume the odors.

6. An incinerator comprising a casing, a top member surmounting the casing and having a filling'opening and an outlet flue, a grate mounted in the casing and dividing the latter into a fire pot above the grate and an ash pit beneath the grate, and a liner entirely surrounding the grate, having its lower portion in a single horizontal plane below the upper surface of the grate but above the bottom of the ash pit, and its upper end in a single horizontal plane below the filling opening and the outlet flue of the top member, the liner having narrow parallel air channels extending the full height thereof on both faces thereof, the channels on the face of the liner disposed toward the fire pot leading from the under to the upper side of the grate and serving to conduct air from the ash pit to the fire pot between the grate and the liner walls and entirely about the material on the grate, and the channels on the face disposed toward the casing serving to conduct air from a point in the ash pit below the grate upwardly between the liner and the outside casing to the top member to mix above the liner and beneath the top with the gases from the fire pot before the gases pass to the outlet flue.

7. An incinerator comprising an outside casing, agrate dividing the latter into a fire pot and an ash pit, a vertically arranged corrugated liner entirely surrounding said grate and having its lower edge spaced from the bottom of the fire pot and arranged below the entire upper surface of the grate to provide vertical air passages on the inner face of the fire pot and also between the liner and the outside casing, and a top member surmounting said casing and provided'with a filling opening and an outlet flue, said top having means for bringing together gases from the fire pot and the air from the'passa ges between the liner and the casing to cause the burning of the gases before the latter pass through the outlet flue.

8. An incinerator comprising an outside casing, a grate dividing the latter into a fire pot and an ash pit, a vertically arranged corrugated liner entirely surrounding said grate and having its lower edge spaced from the bottom of the fire pot and arranged be-- lowthe entire upper surface of the grate to provide vertical air passages on the inner face of the fire pot and also between the liner and the outside casing, and a top member surmounting said casing and provided with a filling opening and an outlet flue, said top having a chamber for bringing together gases from the fire pot and the air from the passages between the liner and the casing to cause the burning'of the gases before the latter pass through the outlet flue.

MICHAEL J. TIERNEY. 

